Surgeons perform many of the same duties as other physicians, recording patients' medical histories and diagnosing illnesses, injuries and other conditions. However, while physicians' therapies typically encourage the body to heal itself, surgeons act directly to correct illnesses, injuries and deformities.
Working through open incisions in the traditional way with scalpels, or with tiny instruments inserted into the body through fine tubes or, increasingly, with the aid of robots, surgeons cut, fuse and reshape the body's tissues to restore proper function. General surgeons can operate on any part of the body. Many surgeons specialize, though, either on one part of the body or on diseases like cancer.
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